A deadbolt (also known as a deadlock or a deadlatch) is a type of lock that cannot be rotated without a key.
Most 'deadlocks' have 2 latches. One that 'clicks' into place when you close the door and a second one, usually rectangular, that slides across when you turn a key. If you only use the first latch it's very easy for someone to slide something in between the door and the frame to make the latch slip back. Very much like when you see somebody slipping a credit card between a door and its frame to gain entry in films.