I can see the point Keith is making where the injuries/illness is drink related chargeable, but I see it as a supply rather than a demand issue. Make the brewers/pub/club owners pay. They are the ones selling, or rather overselling the booze, and allowing the problem back out on the street for either the police or NHS to sort out.
I speak as a former licensee, when if you allowed people to drink to the excesses you get these days, you were under threat of losing your license, from the court.. not as today some old bureaucrat in the local authority. These days where you have a pub/club or even an area where there is excessive drinking it is seen as a business success, rather than a social problem. Put the responsibilities back on the supply side.