I have had this happen also BUT NOT at the local butcher but at Migros in Fethiye and eventually my bank coughed up the cash as it was not my fault, if it is the local butcher I think it is, I have always found him to be honest and helpful, having said that I never use credit or debit credit either in local butchers or big stores now and I think he may be right in saying it is up to the bank to sort out, I have also had this happen at Dalaman airport, good luck and try the banks.
P.S. If you do use your debit or credit card does not matter for how much, KEEP the receipts until you have checked them against your statement, its surprising how many people don't, and if the transaction does not go through ask for cancellation slip it should print one off saying transaction did not go through, basically any evidence to say it did not go through.