This happened to me in 2009. I came over in early May, house was ok, got jobs done, cleaned, spent a pleasant week "opening up shop". Came back 4 weeks later and everywhere was covered in circular moulds, just like someone had used a round paint brush with black dust on it and dabbed it over the furniture, especially the backs, under the bed, everywhere, everything smelt musty. I spent a hectic week washing and wiping down everything in the entire house! I could not believe what had happened in 4 weeks. Apparently there had been a storm when I left followed by a heat wave. I have very efficient double glazing and it was a combination of all this being sealed in apparently. All hail ventilation! Incidentally the air con units can be set to dehumidify if you are unlucky enough to have this problem again.
Carol