No, they didn't. The government has assumed that they have the right to invoke Article 50 using Royal Prerogative (the power invested in the government by the queen) whereas others are saying no, you need the consent of parliament as a whole.
As the split between remain/leave in parliament is heavily in favour of remain supporters (as of June 2016), this judgement, which the government will most certainly appeal, has the potential to create an interesting scenario for many MPs. Party line or constituents wishes...

JF